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Wall of Trujillo
The Wall of Trujillo was a Peruvian defensive edification built in the 17th century to protect Trujillo city against attacks from pirates and privateers. It was constructed by Viceroy Melchor de Navarra y Rocafull between 1687 and 1690, it surrounded the current historic centre of the city and included 15 bastions and five gates. It was torn down towards the end of 19th century to allow the construction of new neighborhoods as the city expanded.
Some sections of the wall can still be seen today, including parts that have been restored in ''El Recreo Square'' at the end of Pizarro Street in the historic center, which is now a public area. There are also still fragments of the wall conserved on España Avenue. Trujillo was one of three walled cities during Spanish rule in the Americas, the other two being Lima and Cartagena.
==History==
The wall was built during the Hispanic period to protect the city from pirate attacks, which were a common threat given Trujillo's proximity to the sea (roughly 5 km from the main plaza). Most colonial cities along the northern coast were subject to these attacks. Guayaquil was attacked in June of 1624 by the Dutch army under the command of Jean Claude de Gubernat, who received the order from deputy Jaques L’Heremite Clerk. More than 20 houses were burned during the siege. The city also maraudered by William Dampier in 1684, and by French pirates D’Hout, Picard and Groignet in 1987, who left the city half-destroyed. It was also bombarded by pirates from the Peruvian city of Saña. Given the looming threat of attack, the ''Wall of Trujillo'' was built in the 17th century during the reign of Viceroy Melchor de Navarra y Rocafull. It was constrcuted by Italian Joseph Formento in 1687 under the leadership of mayors Bartolomé Martínez de Jarabeitia and Fernando Ramírez de Orellana. Formento based his design on a similar work done by Leonardo Da Vinci for the Italian city of Florence.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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